|
The methods of fire protection are based on application
of innovative foaming fireproof materials which when exposed to
open fire or elevated temperatures form a durable coating of foamed
coke which features very low thermal conductivity.
The fireproof materials are manufactured in the form
of either a paint (OVR) or a roll plasticate (SMOG-1) and can be
applied to any type of surface.
Another approach is protection of fuel tanks and POL
containers against fire and explosion. The methods developed by
NII STALI allow to protect any POL reservoir when hit by incendiary
bullets and fragments, at accidental tank damage and in open fire.
Nowadays all cash-collecting vehicles produced by VAZ motorcar factory
are equipped with such protected fuel tanks.
EXPLOSION-PROOF FUEL TANKS AND POL CONTAINERS
Explosion and fire safety of tanks and any POL containers
is provided by a special method of outside and inside treatment
designed by NII STALI.
ZIL-4105
limousines (armored variant of ZIL-4107)
were fitted with a fire- and explosion-proof
fuel tank made by NII STALI.
|
| PROTECTION DIAGRAM |
 |
fireproof coating (protects against open fire); |
 |
self-sealing polymer coating (prevents leakage of fuel
in case the tank is penetrated by bullets, fragments or
mechanically damaged); |
 |
housing of the tank; |
 |
open-cell filler (prevents explosion of fuel vapors). |
|
FIREPROOF COATING
Chloroprene rubber-based (OVR paint) and PVC-based (SMOG plasticate)
intumescent coatings are used.
SELF-SEALING POLYMER COATING
· tensile strength: 20 MPa
· tensile elongation: 400%
· tearing strength: 60 kN/m
· Shore hardness: 65
Ensures complete sealing of holes with dia. up to 15mm resulting
from penetration or damage.
OPEN-CELL FILLER
· apparent density: 27-32 kg/ccm
· cell size: 2-5 mm
· payload volume sacrifice: 1-3%
· retained fuel: 2.2%
PPU-EO-100 foam polyurethane and foil materials are used as
the filler
Euro-Asian (EA) patent No. 000356 of 03.06.97 is available.
|
Status: small-scale production
PROTECTION OF GAS CYLINDERS AGAINST EXPLOSION
AND IGNITION
The up-to-date methods prevent explosion and ignition
of fuel-containing tanks in case of mechanical damage, open fire,
when hit by bullets and fragments under terrorist attacks.
APPLICATION:
Stationary and container petrol/gas filling
stations, fuel stores, mobile refuellers, fuel tanks of city
and intercity buses, fire-engines, communal and industrial
gas cylinders.
Status: pilot production
|
|
THE METHODS INCLUDE:
· filling the tanks with a special
super-light open-cell filler which is compatible with
gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, petrolium, propane,
butane, heptane, ethylene, acetone, claroline, toluol;
· special design of a release
valve for gas-cylinders which prevents explosion when
the cylinder is in the heat source;
· application of polymer fireproof
materials (paints or plasticates) which ensure durable
protection of fuel tanks even under effect of incendiary
mixtures (napalm).
The methods ensure complete protection and safety of
any highly-explosive reservoirs.
ADVANTAGES:
· meets all technical, economic
and ecological requirements;
· easy in production and operation,
reliability assurance for unrestricted period;
· protection of people and equipment,
prevention of ecological disasters;
· very low cost of the open-cell
filler (280 rubles per kilo) with the production line
capacity up to 2,000 kg per shift and consumption 3kg
per one 50-litre tank and 1.5 kg per 25-litre tank.
Specification No. 7399-123-0751964802000, Certificate
of Conformity No. ROSS RU.C302.C0115887 and Euro-Asian
(EA) patent No. 00356 of 02.03.1999 are available.
|
|
SHANS (CHANCE) fireproof cape
Personal protection means
Designed to protect people (e.g. rescue and emergency personnel)
against open fire and thermal flows during rescue operations in
buildings, underground stations, cars and trains on fire.
Main Specifications
|
The multi-layer structure protects against the following:
· thermal flow of the fire, keeping
the safe temperature (max.50°C) on the inside surface of
the cape;
· open fire at 800°C.
Weight of the cape: 2.5 kg
Guaranteed safe operation period: min.3 minutes
Recommended for usage in combination with respiratory protection
devices (to protect against combustion products, smoke and
hazardous chemical agents).
|
Status: pilot production
ATLANT fireproof ensemble
Personal protection means
Status: pilot production
|
Main Specifications
|
Designed for rescue and emergency service personnel.
Protects against open fire at 800°C for 3 minutes.
Components of the ensemble:
· jacket with hood and sleeves;
· trousers with special boots.
Supplied complete with respiratory protection devices.
Weight: 4.5 kg
Comfortable to wear.
Adjustable to fit the body.
|
|
SMOG fireproof material
|
for protection of fire-hazardous structures made of metal,
wood, plastic, rubber
Status: pilot production
|
Main Specifications
|
SMOG fireproof material (TU 8713-058-00300191-95) is
a rolled plasticate with a textile warp, initial thickness
of 0.55-0.7mm and width of 950-1000mm.
Weight of 1 running meter: ³ 900g
Operating temperature range: -50/+60°C
SMOG fireproof material is designed to protect fire-hazardous
structures (including flexible ones) against open fire
(over 600°C) and heavy thermal flows.
The material is applied onto the structure by glueing.
A 2.0mm thick layer of the material protects the surface
against heating to 150°C for 15 minutes.
|
|
Fire protection capability:
· when exposed to burning (800-1000°C) of
a standard charge (0.25 kg/m2) of napalm incendiary mixture: the
temperature of the surface protected by a 0.7¸1.5mm-thick layer
of SMOG does not exceed 100°;.
· when exposed to burning of 50g of supernapalm
incendiary mixture (1600-1800°C): the temperature of the surface
protected by a 1.5mm-thick layer of SMOG does not exceed 200°C;.
· when exposed to a light pulse of 3000J/cm2:
a 2.5mm-thick layer of SMOG prevents a metal surface from heating
over 100°C.
OVR fireproof coating
|
for protection of fire-hazardous structures
made of metal, wood, plastic, rubber
OVR fireproof coating (TU 233-027-07519648-95)
is designed to protect fire-hazardous structures (including
those working in bending) against open fire (above 600°C)
and heavy thermal flows.
Status: pilot production
|
Main Specifications
|
The initial OVR paint is a viscous synthetic-rubber-based
liquid which solidifies at 20±5°C within 48 hours.
The solidified coating is elastic (elongation >200%)
and features good adhesion (min. Mark 3) and high impact
strength (50 kgf×cm).
The coating can be used in any climatic zone within
the temperature range of -50/+60°C.
The pain is applied onto the surface by spraying or
brushing.
When exposed to open fire of 1000°C, a 3.0¸3.5mm thick
coating prevents surfaces from heating to 180-200°C
for 30 minutes.
|
|
LOD-98 fireproof wood lacquer
|
for protection of wood against open fire
LOD-98 fireproof lacquer (TU 7399-081-07519648-99)
is a clear cold-setting coating designed to reduce inflammability
of wooden structures from inside the habitable space.
When exposed to open fire the composition foams
which results in formation of incombustible foam coke preventing
direct contact of the fire with the wooden surface and spread
of fire across the surface.
Status: Pilot production
|
Main Specifications
|
When a wooden structure coated with the fireproof lacquer
is exposed to open fire (1000°C), a local carbonized
spot is formed with the following dimensions:
· horizontally: max. 250mm
· vertically: max. 400mm
Application of the fireproof lacquer puts the wood
into "hard-to-burn" category (Group 1 according
to Russian Standard GOST 16363-76).
The lacquer weight loss when exposed to open fire (1000°C)
for 2 minutes: 9%
Frost resistance: up to -25°C.
|
|
|
mail@niistali.ru
